Mu kusintha kwa ulimi wamakono kuchokera ku ulimi waukulu kupita ku ulimi wolondola, luso lamakono lakhala maziko a vuto la kuchita bwino komanso khalidwe labwino. Masiku ano, makina a ulimi monga mathirakitala ndi okolola salinso zida zolima zokha koma pang'onopang'ono asintha kukhala mayunitsi anzeru ogwirira ntchito. Monga malo olumikizirana komanso owongolera, mapiritsi olimba omangika pamagalimoto amalumikiza masensa osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimathandiza alimi ndi oyang'anira kumvetsetsa bwino deta yonse ya ntchito za m'munda, kukonza bwino ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, ndikupititsa patsogolo luso la ulimi.
Mu maulalo ofunikira a ulimi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi kupanga popewa kugwira ntchito mobwerezabwereza, kukonzanso, kapena kulephera kugwira ntchito m'magawo. Dongosolo loyendetsera lokha la thirakitala limapangidwa ndi malo oyambira a RTK, zolandirira za GNSS, ndi mapiritsi olimba omangika m'galimoto amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazochitika zonse za ntchito zamakina a ulimi. Siteshoni ya RTK yomwe imayikidwa pamalo otseguka imalandira zizindikiro kuchokera ku ma satellite angapo nthawi yeniyeni. Mwa kuchotsa zosokoneza monga zolakwika za satellite orbit ndi refraction yamlengalenga kudzera muukadaulo wosiyanitsa, imapanga deta yolondola kwambiri yolozera malo. Cholandirira cha GNSS chomwe chili pamwamba pa thirakitala, chimalandira zizindikiro zosaphika za satellite ndi deta yolinganiza yotumizidwa ndi siteshoni ya RTK nthawi imodzi. Pambuyo powerengera kuphatikiza, imatha kutulutsa ma coordinates a thirakitala omwe alipo ndi kulondola kwa malo kufika pa mulingo wa sentimita imodzi. Piritsi lolimba lomwe limayikidwa m'galimoto lidzayerekeza deta yolandirira yolandilidwa ndi zomwe zimasungidwa kale kapena kulowetsa njira yoyendetsera ntchito yokonzedweratu ya minda (monga mizere yolunjika, ma curve, mizere yamalire, ndi zina zotero). Pambuyo pake, piritsili limasintha deta yopotoka iyi kukhala malangizo omveka bwino owongolera (monga, "Muyenera kutembenuza chiwongolero 2° kumanja", "Muyenera kukonza ngodya yowongolera yofanana ndi 1.5 cm kumanzere") ndikuitumiza kwa wowongolera chiwongolero. Chiwongolero chikazungulira, mawilo owongolera a thirakitala amapotoka moyenerera, kusintha njira yoyendera ndikuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono kupotoka. Pa minda yayikulu yoyandikana, ntchitoyi imakulitsa kwambiri kufanana kwa kulima; pa malo ovuta monga minda ndi mapiri okhala ndi mipanda, kuyenda molondola kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu zapadziko lapansi, kuchepetsa kwathunthu malo osawoneka bwino, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti inchi iliyonse ya nthaka ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
Kukhazikitsa ulimi wolondola sikusiyana ndi kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu zofunika kwambiri zachilengedwe monga nthaka ndi nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya udzu, magawo okulira, ndi nthawi yokulira mbewu zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyana kwambiri pa njira zopalira udzu. Mapiritsi olimba omangika m'galimoto amalumikiza masensa ndi makina owongolera zida zopalira udzu kudzera m'malo olumikizirana, ndikupanga njira yoyang'anira yotsekedwa ya "kuwunika nthawi yeniyeni - kufananiza mwanzeru - malamulo olondola": mu kupalira mankhwala, piritsi imatha kulumikizana ndi masensa a chinyezi cha nthaka ndi makamera ozindikira udzu kuti asonkhanitse deta yeniyeni monga chinyezi cha m'munda ndi mitundu ya udzu. Ngati udzu wokhuthala wapezeka ndipo nthaka yauma, piritsilo lidzangopereka malingaliro okonza monga "kuwonjezera chiŵerengero cha mankhwala ndikuchepetsa liwiro la kupopera", ndipo alimi amatha kumaliza kusintha kwa magawo ndi kudina kamodzi. Mu kupalira kwa makina, piritsilo limalumikizana ndi sensa yakuya ndi njira yokweza ya fosholo yopalira udzu yamakina kuti iwonetse kuzama kolowera m'nthaka nthawi yeniyeni. Ikafika pa mizu ya mbewu, piritsilo limadzilamulira lokha kukweza fosholo yopalira malinga ndi "kuya kwa chitetezo cha mbewu" kuti lichotse udzu pamwamba. Ikalowa m'dera lomwe lili ndi udzu wambiri pakati pa mizere, imatsika yokha kuti iwonetsetse kuti udzuwo ukugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya mbewu.
Kuphatikiza apo, mgwirizano pakati pa mapiritsi olimba oikidwa m'galimoto ndi makamera a AHD umawonjezeranso ulimi wolondola. Pakufesa ndi kuyika feteleza, makamera a AHD omwe amaikidwa pazida amatha kutumiza zithunzi zenizeni monga kuyika mbewu ndi kufalikira kwa feteleza ku malo owonetsera omwe ali mgalimoto kuti alimi athe kuwona bwino tsatanetsatane wa ntchito ndikusintha magawo a zida munthawi yake kuti apewe kufesa molakwika, kufesa mobwerezabwereza, kapena feteleza wosagwirizana, zomwe zimayika maziko olimba a kukula kofanana kwa mbewu pachiyambi. Pa makina akuluakulu aulimi monga okolola, kuyang'anira njira zambiri komanso mawonekedwe ausiku a makamera a AHD kumathandiza alimi kuwona momwe malo ogona ogwira ntchito alili komanso momwe magalimoto onyamula katundu amayendera ngakhale m'mawa ndi usiku popanda kuwala kokwanira, zomwe zimathandiza kutumiza magalimoto opanda kanthu munthawi yake, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito, komanso kuthetsa kukolola kosayenera.
Monga opanga omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri pakupanga zida zolimba zomangidwira magalimoto m'munda wa nzeru zaulimi, nthawi zonse takhala tikutenga "kusintha malo ovuta m'munda ndikukwaniritsa zosowa za ntchito zenizeni" ngati maziko athu, ndikupanga malo odalirika kwambiri omwe sagwedezeka, osatentha kwambiri komanso otsika, osalowa madzi, komanso osapsa fumbi. Kuyambira kuyenda ndi malo mpaka kulamulira magawo, kuyambira kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni mpaka kupanga zisankho mwanzeru, zinthu zathu zimaphatikizidwa kwambiri munjira yonse yogwirira ntchito zaulimi, kupatsa mphamvu mlimi aliyense ndi makina onse aulimi ndi ukadaulo waukadaulo. M'tsogolomu, tipitiliza kubwerezabwereza ndikukweza, kufufuza njira zambiri zophatikizira ukadaulo, kupanga mapiritsi olimba omangidwira magalimoto kukhala othandizira odalirika paulimi wolondola, kuthandiza kukonza ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a ulimi, kulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika cha ulimi wamakono kupita ku njira yanzeru, yobiriwira, komanso yothandiza kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-23-2025
